Glossary

Adeno-associated virus Any of several viruses that enter the nucleus of a host cell but are dependent on co-infection with an adenovirus or herpesvirus for their replication. They infect a wide range of hosts but do not appear to cause disease and are being researched in gene therapy as vectors to introduce genes into cells.

Adenovirus Causes mild to severe illness, though serious illness is less common. Common symptoms include common cold, sore throat, bronchitis, pneumonia, diarrhea, pink eye and fever. Adenoviruses are usually spread from an infected person to others through close personal contact, coughing and sneezing, and touching an object or surface with adenoviruses on it, then touching your mouth, nose or eyes before washing your hands.

Antibody A blood protein created in response to a substance (antigen) not recognised by the body. Antibodies then bind to specific antigens, helping to destroy them. Some antibodies destroy antigens directly. Others make it easier for white blood cells to destroy the antigen.

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